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Sudhakar, Tata

Initial set of oceanographic data from Bay of Bengal using an underwater glider as mobile sensor node

Abstract Views :293 | PDF Views:122

Authors

Shijo Zacharia ¹, R. Seshasayanan ¹, V. Gowthaman ², S. Muthukumaravel ², Tata Sudhakar ², M. A. Atmanand ²

Affiliations
1 College of Engineering, Guindy Campus, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, IN
2 National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600 100, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 109, No 5 (2015), Pagination: 918-929

Abstract

Underwater gliders measure high-resolution spatiotemporal oceanographic data. However, glider operations have not been carried out in the Indian Ocean region so far. In September 2013, the National Institute of Ocean Technology, Chennai introduced a mobile sensor node, the underwater glider ‘Barathi’, for observation in the Bay of Bengal (BoB). Herein we address ballasting procedure of the glider operated in highly variable density waters of the BoB. The temperature and conductivity data collected by us are strongly correlated with commercially available instrument with coefficient of determination R2 > 0.97. This article reports results from a long-duration (127 days) mission in 2014. The variation of temperature, salinity, density, sound velocity, mixed layer depth, sonic layer depth and lower cutoff frequency of surface duct along 13°N lat. and between 80.76°E and 86.28°E long. are also presented. The results show a trace of the East Indian Coastal Current. The glider operations demonstrate a novel in situ observation platform in the BoB.

Keywords

Mobile sensor node, oceanographic data, underwater glider, underwater acoustics.

Full Text

References

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Design, Development and Validation of Smart Sensor Drifting Node with INSAT Telemetry for Oceanographic Applications

Abstract Views :274 | PDF Views:106

Authors

Shijo Zacharia ¹, R. Seshasayanan ², R. Srinivasan ¹, T. Thamarai ¹, Tata Sudhakar ¹, R. R. Rao ¹, M. A. Atmanand ¹

Affiliations
1 National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600 100, IN
2 College of Engineering, Guindy Campus, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 106, No 6 (2014), Pagination: 831-840

Abstract

Drifter buoys are globally deployed to measure surface meteorological and oceanographic variables. A Lagrangian drifting buoy (Pradyu II) to measure sea-surface temperature and current has been developed at the National Institute of Ocean Technology, Chennai. The drifter buoy with geostationary satellite communication (INSAT-3C) to have near real-time data at every hour is a unique attempt in the history of drifting buoy nodes. This article describes Pradyu II drifting buoy node, design of low-power embedded system, communication network and field test results from an experiment conducted in the Bay of Bengal during March-April 2013. The results from Pradyu II are compared with commercially available drifting buoy (Marlin-Yug), moored data buoy (BD11) and remotely sensed data.

Keywords

Drifting Buoy, Embedded System, Seasurface Temperature, Sensor Node.

Full Text

Observed Variability of Surface Layer in the Central Bay of Bengal:Results of Measurements Using Glider

Abstract Views :248 | PDF Views:107

Authors

Shijo Zacharia ¹, R. Seshasayanan ², Tata Sudhakar ¹, M. A. Atmanand ¹, R. R. Rao ¹

Affiliations
1 National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600 100, IN
2 College of Engineering, Guindy Campus, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 113, No 11 (2017), Pagination: 2151-2159

Abstract

Underwater gliders measure high-resolution spatiotemporal oceanographic data. In April 2014, the National Institute of Ocean Technology, Chennai operated an underwater glider ‘Barathi’, for 127 days for observation of Bay of Bengal (BoB). In this article we present the effectiveness of the glider Barathi for high resolution temporal sampling of the surface layer in the central BoB for studying variation of temperature, salinity and density structures and acoustic characteristics on 26–27 May 2014. The results showed ‘afternoon effect’ on acoustic characteristics and formation of secondary sound channel. Our data set is strongly correlated (coefficient of determination r² > 0.96) with data from a nearby Array for real-time geostrophic Oceanography (Argo) float.

Keywords

Bay of Bengal, Density, Eddy, Glider, Salinity, SLD, MLD, Ocean Observation, Temperature.

Full Text

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Advances in Sea Surface Layer Temperature Measurements with Fast Responding Thermistor Arrays on Drifting Buoys

Abstract Views :235 | PDF Views:90

Authors

R. Srinivasan ¹, V. Rajendran ², Shijo Zacharia ¹, Tata Sudhakar ¹

Affiliations
1 National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, NIOT Campus, Chennai - 600 100, IN
2 Vels University, School of Engineering, Electronics and Communication Engineering Department, Pallavaram, Chennai - 600 117, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 115, No 2 (2018), Pagination: 325-330

Abstract

A precise and accurate ocean temperature measurement system is essential for better understanding and knowledge of the spatial and temporal variability of thermal stratification of the upper-ocean layers is fundamental. The National Institute of Ocean Technology, Chennai has indigenously developed a novel negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor based sensor array with RS232 digital output for drifting buoy (Pradyu) (DB) wherein, it is mainly used in ocean observation applications. The DB is built with Indian satellite (INSAT) for real time data telemetry.

The NTC sensing element is used in developing the temperature sensor for the measurement of sea surface layer temperature. The Steinhart–Hart equation and coefficients are applied on each sampling to zero down the error components involved in temperature measurements which corresponds to the nonlinear functionality of the NTC element. In-house developed SST sensor and sensor array are calibrated and extensively tested in laboratory conditions. The results of the SST and sensor array laboratory calibrations and field validations are briefly presented here with significant data sets collected in the Bay of Bengal warm pool regions.

Keywords

Drifting Buoy, NTC Thermistor Sensor, Sensor Array, Steinhart–Hart Coefficients.

Full Text

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Ocean Current Mapping with Indigenous Drifting Buoys

Abstract Views :145 | PDF Views:83

Authors

R. Srinivasan ¹, Shijo Zacharia ¹, V. Gowthaman ¹, Tata Sudhakar ¹, M. A. Atmanand ¹

Affiliations
1 National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Chennai 600 100, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 118, No 11 (2020), Pagination: 1778-1781

Abstract

Ocean current transports mass and energy around the world and it is the driving force of climate and it regulates local weather. Drifting buoy plays an important role in mapping world’s ocean water circulations and its study. The National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT), MoES, Chennai has indigenized drifting buoy with the Indian Satellite (INSAT) telemetry and global positioning system receiver to acquire geo-positional updates to precisely calculate ocean’s mixed layer surface current. The drifting buoy acquires hourly positional data (24 data/day) compared to ARGOS drifters which has limited pass in Indian tropical regions. The NIOT deployed drifting buoy in the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea during monsoon seasons of 2012–2019 to study the Indian Ocean currents. This article reports about the mixed layer surface currents mapped by the indigenous drifting buoy in the Bay of Bengal.

Keywords

Drifting Buoy, GPS Receiver, Mixed Layer Surface Currents, Mesoscale Eddies.

Full Text

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